C traps and Puzzles
ÏÂÃæµÄÀý×Ó¶¼ÔÚUbuntu8.04 GCCϱàÒëµÄ½á¹û£¬ÓÐЩûÓиø½á¹û
±à³ÌÒ»¶¨Òª×Ô¼º¶¯ÊÖÊÔÒ»ÊÔ£¡
1.¶¨ÒåÓëÉùÃ÷£¬¶¨ÒåÒª·ÖÅäÄڴ棬ÉùÃ÷Ö»ÊÇÉùÃ÷Ôڱ𴦶¨ÒåÁË
int a; //¶¨Òå
extern int a; //ÉùÃ÷
char str[100]
extern char str[] //ok
char * str[]
extern char str[] //error
char str[100]
extern char * str //error
Êý×éºÍÖ¸ÕëÊÇÁ½ÂëÊ£¡Ö»ÊÇÔÚijЩÇé¿öÏÂΪÁ˼ò»¯±àÒë¶¼µ±×öÖ¸Õë´¦Àí
2.register ²»ÄÜÓÃȡַÔËËã·û£¬ÒòΪ¿ÉÄܲ»´æ·ÅÔÚÄÚ´æÖÐ.
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
register int r=10;
int * ptr=&r;
printf("%d\n",*ptr);
return 0;
}
3.sizeofÊǹؼü×Ö²»ÊǺ¯ÊýÒ²²»ÊǺê
(define ²»Êǹؼü×Ö)£¬sizeofÔÚ±àÒëµÄʱºò¾ÍÈ·¶¨ÁË£¬ÓɱàÒëÆ÷Ëã³ö
int i=0;
sizeof(i) //4 ok
sizeof(int) //4 ok
sizeof i //4 ok
sizeof int //error!
int *p=NULL;
sizeof(p) //ok 4
sizeof(*p) //ok 4!
int a[100];
sizeof(a) //100
sizeof(&a) //4
sizeof(&a[0]) //4
enum{A,B,C}e;
sizeof(e) //4
4.void Ö¸Õë
ANSI¹æ¶¨ÒÔ²»ÄܶÔvoid Ö¸Õë½øÐÐËã·¨²Ù×÷
void * vPtr;
vPtr++; //error
vPtr+=1; //error
µ«ÔÚGNUÖÐ
ÓÃGCC±àÒë¶¼ÊǺϷ¨µÄ£¡
ÓÃG£«£«±àÒëcppÎļþÈ·ÊDz»ºÏ·¨µÄ£¡
VCûÊÔ¹ý²»ÖªµÀ¡£
5.volatile¹Ø¼ü×Ö
¸æËß±àÒëÆ÷ÿ´ÎʹÓñäÁ¿ÖµµÄʱºò¶¼ÊÇ´ÓÄÚ´æÖжÁ³ö£¬¶ø²»½øÐÐÈκÎÓÅ»¯£¬³£ÓÃÔÚ¶àÏ̱߳à³ÌÖС£
6.¿Õ½á¹¹Ìå¿ÕÀà
struct st{}st;
class cl{}cl;
g++±àÒë½á¹ûsizeof(st)=1 sizeof(cl)=1;
gcc sizeof(st)=0!
7.fleible array
C99ÖУ¬½á¹¹ÌåµÄ×îºóÒ»¸öÔªËØÔÊÐíÊÇ´óСδ֪µÄÊý×飬µ«Õâ¸öÊý×éÇ°Ãæ±ØÐëÓÐÒ»¸öÆäËûÀàÐ͵ijÉÔ±
struct F{int i; char a[0];} sizeof(F)=4
struct F1{int i;char a[];} sizeof(F1)=4
F1 * f1;
f1=(F1 *)malloc(sizeof(struct F1)+100*sizeof(char));/*¸øf1·ÖÅä4+100byteµÄ¿Õ¼ä£¬ÕâÑùÊý×éa¾ÍÓÐ100¸öÔªËØÁË*/
sizeof(f1)=4 //!»¹ÊÇ4£¬ËµÃ÷sizeofÊÇÔÚ±àÒëµÄʱºò¾ÍÈ·¶¨ÁË£¡
8.±àд³ÌÐò²âÊÔbig/small endian
bool smallEndian(void)
{
union endian{int i;char ch;}
Ïà¹ØÎĵµ£º
¿´ÁËϹٷ½ÎĵµµÄ¹ØÓÚobject c µÄÄÚ´æ¹ÜÀí,×ܽáÏÂ:
ÔÚiphoneÖÐobject c ÖеÄÄÚ´æ¹ÜÀíÊÇͨ¹ý¼ÆÊýÆ÷À´¹ÜÀíµÄ,ÿ¸ö¶ÔÏóÄÚ²¿¶¼ÓÐÒ»¸ö¼ÆÊýÆ÷.н¨Ò»¸ö¶ÔÏó,»òÕßÕâ¸ö¶ÔÏ󱻯äËû¶ÔÏóÒýÓÃ,¶à»áʹ¼ÆÊýÆ÷¼Ó1.Retain Ôö¼Ó¼ÆÊýÆ÷Öµ release ¼õÉÙ¼ÆÊýÆ÷Öµ.µ±¼ÆÊýÆ÷Ϊ0ʱ¶ÔÏó¾Ídeall ......
×Ô´Ó½Ó´¥ÕâÃÅÓïÑÔµ½ÏÖÔÚÓÐÒ»¸ö¶àÐÇÆÚµÄʱ¼äÁË£¬ËäÈ»ÒÔºóµÄ·»¹ºÜ³¤£¬»áÓöµ½¸÷ÖÖÀ§ÄÑ£¬µ«Ö»ÒªÓÐÄÍÐĺÍÒãÁ¦£¬»¹Òª½Å̤ʵµØµÄ´òºÃ»ù´¡£¬¾ÍÒ»¶¨ÄÜÓг¤Í¾µÄ½ø²½£¬ºÇºÇ£¬Ï£ÍûÔÚÕâÀïµÄÿһ¸öÈ˶¼ºÍÎÒÒ»Æð¼ÓÓÍ£¬²»¶Ï½ø²½¡£
Ëæ»úº¯Êý¶ÔÿÖÖ±à³ÌÓïÑÔÀ´Ëµ¶¼ÊÇÒ»¸ö²»¿ÉȱÉٵĻ·½Ú£¬ÄÇôÔÚC++ÖÐËüÊÇÈçºÎÓ¦Óõģ¬ÕâÀïΪÁË·½±ãÀí½â£¬¶ÔÒÔÇ ......
Ò»:ǰÑÔ
I2cÊÇphilipsÌá³öµÄÍâÉè×ÜÏß.I2CÖ»ÓÐÁ½ÌõÏß,Ò»Ìõ´®ÐÐÊý¾ÝÏß:SDA,Ò»ÌõÊÇʱÖÓÏßSCL.ÕýÒòΪÕâÑù,Ëü·½±ãÁ˹¤³ÌÈËÔ±
µÄ²¼Ïß.ÁíÍâ,I2CÊÇÒ»ÖÖ¶àÖ÷»ú¿ØÖÆ×ÜÏß.ËüºÍUSB×ÜÏß²»Í¬,USBÊÇ»ùÓÚmaster-slave»úÖÆ,ÈκÎÉ豸µÄͨÐűØÐëÓÉÖ÷»ú·¢Æð²Å¿ÉÒÔ.¶ø
I2C ÊÇ»ùÓÚmulti master»úÖÆ.һͬ×ÜÏßÉÏ¿ÉÔÊÐí¶à¸ömaster.¹ØÓÚI2CÐÒéµÄÖª ......
1.½éÉÜÒ»ÏÂSTL£¬Ïêϸ˵Ã÷STLÈçºÎʵÏÖvector¡£
Answer:
STL (±ê׼ģ°æ¿â£¬Standard Template Library)ËüÓÉÈÝÆ÷Ëã·¨µü´úÆ÷×é³É¡£
STLÓÐÒÔϵÄһЩÓŵ㣺
¿ÉÒÔ·½±ãÈÝÒ×µØÊµÏÖËÑË÷Êý¾Ý»ò¶ÔÊý¾ÝÅÅÐòµÈһϵÁеÄËã·¨£»
&nb ......