ʹÓÃSQLÓï¾ä
ʹÓÃSQLÓï¾ä
SQLÓïÑÔ°üÀ¨Êý¾Ý²éѯÓïÑÔ(SELECT)¡¢Êý¾Ý²Ù×ÝÓïÑÔ(INSERT¡¢UPDATE¡¢DELETE)¡¢ÊÂÎñ¿ØÖÆÓïÑÔ(COMMIT¡¢ROLLBACK¡¢SAVEPOINT)¡¢Êý¾Ý¶¨ÒåÓïÑÔ(CREATE TABLE¡¢ALTER TABLE¡¢DROP)¡¢Êý¾Ý¿ØÖÆÓïÑÔ(GRANT¡¢REVOKE)µÈÎå¸ö²¿·Ö¡£
µ±±àдPL/SQLÓ¦ÓóÌÐòʱ£¬Ö»ÄÜÖ±½ÓǶÈëSELECT...INTO...Óï¾ä¡¢DMLÓï¾äºÍÊÂÎñ¿ØÖÆÓï¾ä¡£
(Ò»)ʹÓûù±¾²éѯ
¢Ù¼òµ¥²éѯÓï¾ä
(1) Óï·¨£ºSELECT <*,column [±ðÃû],...> from TABLE|VIEW;
ÆäÖУº*±íʾ¼ìË÷ËùÓÐÁУ¬columnÓÃÓÚÖ¸¶¨Òª¼ìË÷µÄÁлò±í´ïʽ*£¨¶àÁлò¶à±í´ïʽ֮¼äÓöººÅ·Ö¸ô£©£¬±ðÃûÓÃÓÚÖ¸¶¨Áлò±í´ïʽµÄ±ðÃû£¬fromÓÃÓÚÖ¸¶¨Òª¼ìË÷µÄ±í»òÊÓͼ¡£
×¢£º*ºÍcolumn²»ÄÜ»ìºÏʹÓÃ
(2)DESC(describe) ±íÃû³Æ --ÓÃÓÚÈ·¶¨±í½á¹¹
(3)¼ìË÷ÈÕÆÚÁÐʱ£¬ÈÕÆÚĬÈÏÏÔʾ¸ñʽΪ'dd-mon-yy',Èç¹ûÒªÏëʹÓÃ'yyyy-mon-dd'¸ñʽ£¬Ôò±ØÐëʹÓÃTO_CHARº¯Êý½øÐÐת»»¡£
Àý£º
SQL> select ename,job,hiredate from emp where deptno=10; --ĬÈÏ
ENAME JOB HIREDATE
---------- --------- --------------
CLARK MANAGER 09-6ÔÂ -81
KING PRESIDENT 17-11ÔÂ-81
MILLER CLERK 23-1ÔÂ -82
SQL> select ename,job,to_char(hiredate,'yyyy-mon-dd') from emp where deptno=10; --ʹÓÃto_charº¯Êý
ENAME JOB TO_CHAR(HIREDATE
---------- --------- ----------------
CLARK MANAGER 1981-6ÔÂ -09
KING PRESIDENT 1981-11ÔÂ-17
MILLER CLERK &n
Ïà¹ØÎĵµ£º
1¡¢join
A±íµÄÖ÷¼üÊÇ×÷ΪB±íµÄÍâ¼ü¡£ÔÚ²éѯµÄʱºò£¬¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ý²»Í¬µÄjoin½«AºÍB±íÁ´½ÓÆðÀ´£¬´Ó¶øµÃµ½²»Í¬µÄ²éѯ½á¹û¡£
* JOIN: Èç¹û±íÖÐÓÐÖÁÉÙÒ»¸öÆ¥Å䣬Ôò·µ»ØÐÐ
* INNER JOIN: Èç¹ûÁ½¸ö±íÖÐÓÐÆ¥ÅäµÄ£¬Ôò·µ»ØÐÐ
* LEFT JOIN: ¼´Ê¹ÓÒ±íÖÐûÓÐÆ¥Å䣬Ҳ´Ó×ó± ......
SQL like×Ó¾äµÄÁíÒ»ÖÖʵÏÖ·½·¨,ËٶȱÈlike¿ì(ת)
Ò»°ãÀ´ËµÊ¹ÓÃÄ£ºý²éѯ£¬´ó¼Ò¶¼»áÏëµ½LIKE
select * from table where a like '%×Ö·û%'
Èç¹ûÒ»¸öSQLÓï¾äÖÐÓöà¸ö likeÄ£ºý²éѯ£¬²¢ÇҼǼÌõÊýºÜ´ó£¬ÄÇËÙ¶ÈÒ»¶¨»áºÜÂý¡£
ÏÂÃæÁ½ÖÖ·½·¨Ò²¿ÉʵÏÖÄ£ºý²éѯ£º
select * from table where patindex('%×Ö·û%',a)>0 ......
ÔÚ¹¤×÷ÖÐÓöµ½Ò»¸öÎÊÌâ,ÊÇÐèÒªsqlµÝ¹é²éѯµÄ.²»¶®,ÓÚÊǵ½csdnÉÏÈ¥ÎÊ,ÄÇÀïµÄЧÂÊÕæÊǷdz£¸ß,ÎÒÒÔǰҲûÔÚÉÏÃæÎʹýÎÊÌâ.
ÎÊÌâÃèÊö:
ÎÒÓÐÒ»¸ö±í½á¹¹ÈçÏÂ:
id upperid
1 2
3 2
4 1
5 3
¾ßÌå²ã´Î²»ÖªµÀ,ÎÒÏëÓõݹésqlÓ ......
¼Ü¹¹£¨Schema£©¡£Î¢ÈíµÄ¹Ù·½ËµÃ÷£¨MSDN£©£º
"Êý¾Ý¿â¼Ü¹¹ÊÇÒ»¸ö¶ÀÁ¢ÓÚÊý¾Ý¿âÓû§µÄ·ÇÖØ¸´ÃüÃû¿Õ¼ä£¬Äú¿ÉÒÔ½«¼Ü¹¹ÊÓΪ¶ÔÏóµÄÈÝÆ÷"£¬Ïêϸ²Î¿¼
http://technet.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/ms190387.aspx.ÎÒÃÇÖªµÀ£¬ÔÚJAVAÖУ¬ÃüÃû¿Õ
¼äÃûÆäʵ¾ÍÊÇÎļþ¼ÐÃû¡£Òò´ËÎÒÃǷdz£Ã÷È·Ò»µã£ºÒ»¸ö¶ÔÏóÖ»ÄÜÊôÓÚÒ»¸ö¼Ü¹¹£¬¾ÍÏ ......
create table students (
name varchar(25),
class varchar(25),
grade int
)
insert into students values ('ÕÅÈý','ÓïÎÄ',20)
insert into students values ('ÕÅÈý','Êýѧ',90)
insert into students values ('ÕÅÈý','Ó¢Óï',50)
insert into students values ('ÀîËÄ','ÓïÎÄ',81)
insert in ......