sql各种语句的完整语法
下列语句部分是Mssql语句,不可以在access中使用。
SQL分类:
DDL—数据定义语言(CREATE,ALTER,DROP,DECLARE)
DML—数据操纵语言(SELECT,DELETE,UPDATE,INSERT)
DCL—数据控制语言(GRANT,REVOKE,COMMIT,ROLLBACK)
首先,简要介绍基础语句:
1、说明:创建数据库
CREATE DATABASE database-name
2、说明:删除数据库
drop database dbname
3、说明:备份sql server
--- 创建 备份数据的 device
USE master
EXEC sp_addumpdevice 'disk', 'testBack', 'c:\mssql7backup\MyNwind_1.dat'
--- 开始 备份
BACKUP DATABASE pubs TO testBack
4、说明:创建新表
create table tabname(col1 type1 [not null] [primary key],col2 type2 [not null],..)
根据已有的表创建新表:
A:create table tab_new like tab_old (使用旧表创建新表)
B:create table tab_new as select col1,col2… from tab_old definition only
5、说明:
删除新表:drop table tabname
6、说明:
增加一个列:Alter table tabname add column col type
注:列增加后将不能删除。DB2中列加上后数据类型也不能改变,唯一能改变的是增加varchar类型的长度。
7、说明:
添加主键:Alter table tabname add primary key(col)
说明:
删除主键:Alter table tabname drop primary key(col)
8、说明:
创建索引:create [unique] index idxname on tabname(col….)
删除索引:drop index idxname
注:索引是不可更改的,想更改必须删除重新建。
9、说明:
创建视图:create view viewname as select statement
删除视图:drop view viewname
10、说明:几个简单的基本的sql语句
选择:select * from table1 where 范围
插入:insert into table1(field1,field2) values(value1,value2)
删除:delete from table1 where 范围
更新:update table1 set field1=value1 where 范围
查找:select * from table1 where field1 like ’%value1%’ ---like的语法很精妙,查资料!
排序:select * from table1 order by field1,field2 [desc]
总数:select count * as totalcount from table1
求和:select sum(field1) as sumvalue from table1
平均:select avg(field1) as avgvalue from table1
最大:select max(field1) as maxvalue from table1
最小:select min(field1) as minvalue from table1
1
相关文档:
SQL位运算
select 2|8 --10
select 2|8|1 --11
select 10&8 --8,包含,10=8+2
select 10&2 --2,包含,10=2+8
select 10&4 --0,不包含
select 19&16 --16,包含,19=16+2+1
s ......
原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/changhai0605/articles/1276319.html
Oracle的请参考:http://zonghl8006.blog.163.com/blog/static/4528311520083995931317/
1.简介:
SQL Server 2005中新增的窗口函数帮助你迅速查看不同级别的聚合,通过它可以非常方便地累计总数、移动平均值、以及执行其它计算。
窗口函数功能非 ......
I'm continually trying to track down what service packs are installed on various SQL Servers I support. I can never find the right support page on Microsoft's site. So here's an article with all the SQL Server version information I can track down. If you know of any older versions or can help me fil ......
应一个朋友的要求,贴上收藏的SQL常用分页的办法~~
表中主键必须为标识列,[ID] int IDENTITY (1,1)
1.分页方案一:(利用Not In和SELECT TOP分页)
语句形式:
SELECT TOP 页记录数量 *
from 表名
WHERE (ID NOT IN
(SELECT TOP (每页行数*(页数-1)) ID
from 表名
ORDER BY ......
Suppose we have a recursive hierarchy stored in a relational database and we want to write it to XML. This might be for a variety of reasons – e.g. as a pre-cached input to a UI control, to export to another system using a pre-defined format, etc.
In SQL Server 2000, in order to ......