菜鸟学SQL语句
为了大家更容易理解我举出的SQL语句,本文假定已经建立了一个学生成绩管理数据库,全文均以学生成绩的管理为例来描述。
1.在查询结果中显示列名:
a.用as关键字:select name as '姓名' from students order by age
b.直接表示:select name '姓名' from students order by age
2.精确查找:
a.用in限定范围:select * from students where native in ('湖南', '四川')
b.between...and:select * from students where age between 20 and 30
c.“=”:select * from students where name = '李山'
d.like:select * from students where name like '李%' (注意查询条件中有“%”,则说明是部分匹配,而且还有先后信息在里面,即查找以“李”开头的匹配项。所以若查询有“李”的所有对象,应该命令:'%李%';若是第二个字为李,则应为'_李%'或'_李'或'_李_'。)
e.[]匹配检查符:select * from courses where cno like '[AC]%' (表示或的关系,与"in(...)"类似,而且"[]"可以表示范围,如:select * from courses where cno like '[A-C]%')
3.对于时间类型变量的处理
a.smalldatetime:直接按照字符串处理的方式进行处理,例如:
select * from students where birth > = '1980-1-1' and birth <= '1980-12-31'
4.集函数
a.count()求和,如:select count(*) from students (求学生总人数)
b.avg(列)求平均,如:select avg(mark) from grades where cno=’B2’
c.max(列)和min(列),求最大与最小
5.分组group
常用于统计时,如分组查总数:
select gender,count(sno)
from students
group by gender
(查看男女学生各有多少)
注意:从哪种角度分组就从哪列"group by"
对于多重分组,只需将分组规则罗列。比如查询各届各专业的男女同学人数 ,那么分组规则有:届别(grade)、专业(mno)和性别(gender),所以有"group by grade, mno, gender"
select grade, mno, gender, count(*)
from students
group by grade, mno, gender
通常group还和having联用,比如查询1门课以上不及格的学生,则按学号(sno)分类有:
select sno,count(*) from grades
where mark<60
group by sno
having count(*)>1
6.UNION联合
合并查询结果,如:
SELECT * from students
W
相关文档:
1、 强大的group by
1 select stdname,2 isnull(sum( case stdsubject when ' 化学 ' then Result end), 0 ) [化学],3 isnull(sum( case stdsubject when ' 数学 ' then Result end), 0 ) [数学],4 isnull(sum( case stdsubject when ' 物理 ' then Result end), 0 ) [物理],5 isnull(sum( case stdsubject when ' 语文 ' t ......
BCP是SQL Server中负责导入导出数据的一个命令行工具,它是基于DB-Library的,并且能以并行的方式高效地导入导出大批量的数据。
/********************************************************
例如:
从本地服务器中(有用户名和密码)导出txt文本
EXEC master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp "select * from pubs..authors" queryou ......
cpcbid cpcbbh type parentid parentbh cbze
70 2009120001 11 NULL NU ......
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
ALTER trigger [dbo].[checkExamNo] on [dbo].[student]
for insert,update as
if exists(select examNo from student whe ......
转自http://www.tzwhx.com/newOperate/Html/3/31/311/16609.html
语法
CREATE TRIGGER trigger_name
ON { table | view }
[ WITH ENCRYPTION ]
{
{ { FOR | AFTER | INSTEAD OF } { [ INSERT ] [ , ] [ UPDATE ] }
[ WITH APPEND ]
......