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£¨1£©ÔÚÖÕ¶ËÀï.ÆäʵֻÐèÒª²é¿´ /etc/passwdÎļþ¾ÍÐÐÁË.
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»òÕßÓÃcat /etc/passwd |cut -f 1 -d :
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useradd ×¢£ºÌí¼ÓÓû§
adduser ×¢£ºÌí¼ÓÓû§
passwd ×¢£ºÎªÓû§ÉèÖÃÃÜÂë
usermod ×¢£ºÐÞ¸ÄÓû§ÃüÁ¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýusermod À´Ð޸ĵǼÃû¡¢Óû§µÄ¼ÒĿ¼µÈµÈ£»
pwcov ×¢£ºÍ¬²½Óû§´Ó/etc/passwd µ½/etc/shadow
pwck ×¢£ºpwckÊÇУÑéÓû§ÅäÖÃÎļþ/etc/passwd ºÍ/etc/shadow ÎļþÄÚÈÝÊÇ·ñºÏ·¨»òÍêÕû£»
pwunconv ×¢£ºÊÇpwcov µÄÁ¢ÄæÏò²Ù×÷£¬ÊÇ´Ó/etc/shadowºÍ /etc/passwd ´´½¨/etc/passwd £¬È»ºó»áɾ³ý /etc/shadow Îļþ£»
finger ×¢£º²é¿´Óû§ÐÅÏ¢¹¤¾ß
id ×¢£º²é¿´Óû§µÄUID¡¢GID¼°Ëù¹éÊôµÄÓû§×é
chfn ×¢£º¸ü¸ÄÓû§ÐÅÏ¢¹¤¾ß
su ×¢£ºÓû§Çл»¹¤¾ß
sudo ×¢£ºsudo ÊÇͨ¹ýÁíÒ»¸öÓû§À´Ö´ÐÐÃüÁexecute a command as another user£©£¬su ÊÇÓÃÀ´Çл»Óû§£¬È»ºóͨ¹ýÇл»µ½µÄÓû§À´Íê³ÉÏàÓ¦µÄÈÎÎñ£¬µ«sudo ÄܺóÃæÖ±½ÓÖ´ÐÐÃüÁ±ÈÈçsudo ²»ÐèÒªroot ÃÜÂë¾Í¿ÉÒÔÖ´ÐÐroot ¸³ÓëµÄÖ´ÐÐÖ»ÓÐroot²ÅÄÜÖ´ÐÐÏàÓ¦µÄÃüÁµ«µÃͨ¹ývisudo À´±à¼/etc/sudoersÀ´ÊµÏÖ£»
visudo ×¢£ºvisodo ÊDZ༠/etc/sudoers µÄÃüÁҲ¿ÉÒÔ²»ÓÃÕâ¸öÃüÁֱ½ÓÓÃvi À´±à¼ /etc/sudoers µÄЧ¹ûÊÇÒ»ÑùµÄ£»
sudoedit ×¢£ººÍsudo ¹¦Äܲ¶à£»
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groupadd ×¢£ºÌí¼ÓÓû§×飻
groupdel ×¢£ºÉ¾³ýÓû§×飻
groupmod ×¢£ºÐÞ¸ÄÓû§×éÐÅÏ¢
groups ×¢£ºÏÔʾÓû§ËùÊôµÄÓû§×é
grpck
grpconv ×¢£ºÍ¨¹ý/etc/groupºÍ/etc/gshadow µÄÎļþÄÚÈÝÀ´Í¬²½»ò´´½¨/etc/gshadow £¬Èç¹û/etc/gshadow ²»´æÔÚÔò´´½¨£»
grpunconv ×¢£ºÍ¨¹ý/etc/group ºÍ/etc/gshadow ÎļþÄÚÈÝÀ´Í¬²½»ò´´½¨/etc/group £¬È»ºóɾ³ýgshadowÎļþ
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groupadd test
mkdir /tmp/test
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useradd -G test –d /tmp/test –M usr1
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useradd –G test –d /tmp/test –M usr2
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chown usr1.test /tmp/test ----Õâ±íʾ°Ñ/tmp/testµÄÊôÖ÷¶¨Îªusr1
chmod 750 /tmp/test ----7±íʾwrx 5±íʾrx 0±íʾʲôȨÏÞ¶
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void (*signal (int signum,void (*handle)(int)))(int);ÉèÖÃij¸öÐźŵĴ¦Àí·½·¨
int sigaction(int signum,const struct sigaction *act,struct sigaction *oldact);ÓÃÓÚ¼ì²é»ò¸Ä±ä½ø³ÌÔÚ½Óµ½ÐźÅʱµÄ¶¯×÷
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static inline void sigaddset(sigset_t *set,int _sig);
static inline voi ......
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) ÊÇÓÃÀ´°ÑIPµØÖ·×ª»¯³É»úÆ÷µÄÍø¿¨ÎïÀíµØÖ·£¨Ó²¼þµØÖ·£©¡£µ±Ò»Ì¨»úÆ÷ÒªÏòÁíÍâһ̨ÎïÀíÉÏÏàÁ¬µÄ»úÆ÷·¢ËÍIP°üµÄʱºò£¬ËüÒªÏȼì²éÒ»ÏÂ×Ô¼ºµÄARP»º´æ£¬ÊÔͼÕÒµ½¶Ô·½µÄÓ²¼þµØÖ·£¬Èç¹ûÕÒ²»µ½µÄ»°£¬°ÑÒª·¢Ë͵ÄIP°ü·ÅÈëµÈ´ý¶ÓÁÐÖУ¬½Ó×Å·¢³öÒ»¸öARPÇëÇ󡣵ȵ½ÊÕµ½ARPÓ¦´ðµÄʱºò£¬¹¹ÔìºÃÔÀ´ÕýÔڵȴ ......
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define err(msg) perror(msg)
static void mkdirs(const char *dir)
{
char tmp[1024];
char *p;
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