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3 group by rollup(division_id)
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DIV SUM(SALARY)
--- -----------
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OPE 1320000
SAL 4936000
SUP 1015000
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2 from employees2
3 group by rollup(division_id)
4 order by division_id;
GROUPING(DIVISION_ID) DIV SUM(SALARY)
--------------------- --- -----------
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0 OPE 1320000
0 SAL 4936000
0 SUP 1015000
1 8881000
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A A ZERO SPACE
--------- --------- --------- ---------
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