³£¼ûµÄÁ½ÖÖ´íÎó£º
1.ÔÚ²åÈëÄ£¿éµÄʱºò³öÏÖÈçÏÂÎÊÌ⣺
# insmod globalmem.ko insmod: error inserting 'globalmem.ko': -1 Device or resource busy
ANSWER:Ö÷É豸ºÅ±»Õ¼ÓÃÁË£¬»»ÁíÒ»¸ö¡£ Äã°Ñglobalmem.cÎļþÀïÃæµÄºê¶¨ÒåÄÇÀï¸ÄΪ226»òÆäËû£¬È»ºóÔÙ±àÒë¾Í¿ÉÒÔ²åÈëÁË£¡
ÌØ±ð×¢Ò⣺ Èç¹û»»ÁËÖ÷É豸ºÅÒÔºó£¬ÏÂÃæ½Ó×Å´´½¨½ÚµãµÄʱºòÒ²Òª¸Ã£¬·ñÔò³öÏÖÏÂÃæ´íÎó£º
# mknod /dev/globalmem c 254 0 /*ÕâÀïµÄ254¸úÒÑÐ޸ĵÄÖ÷É豸ºÅ228²»Ò»ÖÂ*/
# echo 'hello world' > /dev/globalmem
/bin/sh: can't create /dev/globalmem: No such device or address
½â¾ö°ì·¨£º
# rm /dev/globalmem
# mknod /dev/globalmem c 226 0
# echo 'hello world' > /dev/globalmem
written 12 bytes(s) from 0
2.¼ÓÔØºÍ´´½¨É豸½Úµã¶¼Êdzɹ¦µÄ£®µ«¾ÍÊÇÓÃcatÃüÁî²é¿´Ê±£¬ËäÈ»¶Á³öÁËÕýÈ·µÄ×Ö·û£¬È´×ÜÊÇÔÚ×îºó»¹Òª¼ÓÉÏÒ»¾äÌáʾ£¢ÕÒ²»µ½É豸»òµØÖ·£¢£®²»ÖªÎªºÎ»á¶à³öÕâ¾äÀ´£®
# echo 'hello world!' > /dev/globalmem
written 13 bytes(s) from 0
# cat /dev/
/dev/console&nbs ......
VM-Linux-ÈçºÎÅäÖÃÍøÂç(2009-07-26 03:01:29)
±êÇ©£ºvm ÅäÖÃÍøÂç linux it
·ÖÀࣺIT
ÅäÖÃÐéÄâ»úµÄÍøÂç
¡¡¡¡¹âÓÐÐéÄâ»úÊDz»¹»µÄ£¬ÎÒÃÇÐèҪʹÓÃÐéÄâ»úºÍÕæÊµÖ÷»úÒÔ¼°ÆäËûµÄÐéÄâ»ú½øÐÐͨѶ¡£Í¨Ñ¶·ÖÁ½¸ö²¿·Ö£¬Ò»¸öÊǾÖÓòÍøÄڵģ¬ÁíÒ»¸öÊÇÁ¬½Óµ½¹«ÍøµÄ¡£ÕâÒ»²¿·ÖÊÇÖØµã£¬ÈýÖÖ²»Í¬Ä£Ê½µÄÓÃ;¾ÍÒª½ÒÏþ¡£
¡¡¡¡£¨1£©ÇŽÓģʽ£º
¡¡¡¡Èç¹ûÄãµÄÕæÊµÖ÷»úÔÚÒ»¸öÒÔÌ«ÍøÖУ¬ÕâÖÖ·½·¨Êǽ«ÄãµÄÐéÄâ»ú½ÓÈëÍøÂç×î¼òµ¥µÄ·½·¨¡£ÐéÄâ»ú¾ÍÏñÒ»¸öÐÂÔö¼ÓµÄ¡¢ÓëÕæÊµÖ÷»úÓÐ×ÅͬµÈÎïÀíµØÎ»µÄһ̨µçÄÔ£¬ÇŽÓģʽ¿ÉÒÔÏíÊÜËùÓпÉÓõķþÎñ£»°üÀ¨Îļþ·þÎñ¡¢´òÓ¡·þÎñµÈµÈ£¬²¢ÇÒÔÚ´ËģʽÏÂÄ㽫»ñµÃ×î¼òÒ׵ĴÓÕæÊµÖ÷»ú»ñÈ¡×ÊÔ´µÄ·½·¨¡£
¡¡¡¡£¨2£©host onlyģʽ£º
¡¡¡¡ÍØÆË£º
¡¡¡¡Host-onlyģʽÓÃÀ´½¨Á¢¸ôÀëµÄÐéÄâ»ú»·¾³£¬ÕâÕâÖÖģʽÏ£¬ÐéÄâ»úÓëÕæÊµÖ÷»úͨ¹ýÐéÄâ˽ÓÐÍøÂç½øÐÐÁ¬½Ó£¬Ö»ÓÐͬΪHost-onlyģʽϵÄÇÒÔÚÒ»¸öÐéÄâ½»»»»úµÄÁ¬½ÓϲſÉÒÔ»¥Ïà·ÃÎÊ£¬Íâ½çÎÞ·¨·ÃÎÊ¡£host onlyģʽֻÄÜʹÓÃ˽ÓÐIP£¬IP,gateway,DNS¶¼ÓÉVMnet 1À´·ÖÅä¡£
¡¡¡¡£¨3£©NATģʽ£º
¡¡¡¡ÍØÆË£º
¡¡¡¡NAT£¨network address translation£©Ä£Ê½Æäʵ¿ÉÒÔÀí½â³ÉΪÊÇ·½±ãµØÊ¹ÐéÄâ»úÁ¬½Óµ½¹«Íø£¬´ú¼ÛÊÇÇŽÓÄ£Ê½Ï ......
Èí¼þÏÂÔØµØÖ·£º
pcre£ºhttp://www.pcre.org/
Nginx£ºhttp://nginx.net/
spawn-fcig: http://redmine.lighttpd.net/projects/spawn-fcgi/news
ÀûÓà wget ÃüÁîÏÂÔØÏàÓ¦µÄ °²×°°ü
²½Öè
1¡¢°²×°pcre
ngnix ÐèÒª°²×°pcre¿â£º
wget http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=10194
½âѹpcre£º tar xzvf ÎļþÃû
./configure
make
make install
2¡¢°²×°ngnix
wget http://sysoev.ru/nginx/nginx-0.8.28.tar.gz
tar xzvf ngnix-0.8.28.tar.gz
cd ngnix-0.8.28.tar.gz
./configure
make
make install
3¡¢°²×°php
ÕâÀï²»ÐðÊö
4¡¢°²×° spawn-fcig
ÒòΪ ngnixÏ php ÒªÒÔcgi·½Ê½Æô¶¯¡£
°´ÕÕÉÏÃæÏàͬµÄ ²½Öè ÏÂÔØ°²×° spawn-fcgi¡£
ÀûÓÃ sp ......
Èí¼þÏÂÔØµØÖ·£º
pcre£ºhttp://www.pcre.org/
Nginx£ºhttp://nginx.net/
spawn-fcig: http://redmine.lighttpd.net/projects/spawn-fcgi/news
ÀûÓà wget ÃüÁîÏÂÔØÏàÓ¦µÄ °²×°°ü
²½Öè
1¡¢°²×°pcre
ngnix ÐèÒª°²×°pcre¿â£º
wget http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=10194
½âѹpcre£º tar xzvf ÎļþÃû
./configure
make
make install
2¡¢°²×°ngnix
wget http://sysoev.ru/nginx/nginx-0.8.28.tar.gz
tar xzvf ngnix-0.8.28.tar.gz
cd ngnix-0.8.28.tar.gz
./configure
make
make install
3¡¢°²×°php
ÕâÀï²»ÐðÊö
4¡¢°²×° spawn-fcig
ÒòΪ ngnixÏ php ÒªÒÔcgi·½Ê½Æô¶¯¡£
°´ÕÕÉÏÃæÏàͬµÄ ²½Öè ÏÂÔØ°²×° spawn-fcgi¡£
ÀûÓÃ sp ......
LinuxÈ«¹¥ÂÔ--yum·þÎñÆ÷ÅäÖÃ
Yum£¨È«³ÆÎª Yellow dog Updater, Modified£©ÊÇÒ»¸öÔÚFedoraÖеÄshellǰ¶ËÈí¼þ°ü¹ÜÀíÆ÷¡£»ùÓÚrpm°ü¹ÜÀí£¬Äܹ»´ÓÖ¸¶¨µÄ·þÎñÆ÷×Ô¶¯ÏÂÔØRPM°ü²¢ÇÒ°²×°£¬¿ÉÒÔ×Ô¶¯´¦Àí ÒÀÀµÐÔ¹ØÏµ£¬²¢ÇÒÒ»´Î°²×°ËùÓÐÒÀÀµµÄÈíÌå°ü£¬ÎÞÐë·±ËöµØÒ»´Î´ÎÏÂÔØ¡¢°²×°¡£
¡¡¡¡ÈíÌå°üÀ´Ô´
¿É¹©YumÏÂÔØµÄÈíÌå°ü°üÀ¨fedora ±¾ÉíµÄÈíÌå°üÒÔ¼°Ô´×Ôrpm.livna.orgµÄFedora Extras£¬È«²¿ÊÇÓÉLinuxÉçÇøÎ¬»¤µÄ£¬²¢ÇÒ»ù±¾ÊÇ×ÔÓÉÈíÌå¡£ËùÓеİü¶¼ÓÐÒ»¸ö¶ÀÁ¢µÄGPGÇ©Ãû£¬Ö÷ÒªÊÇΪÁËÄãµÄϵͳ°²È«¡£¶ø¶ÔÓÚFedora core 4.0 µÄÓû§£¬rpm.livna.org µÄÇ©ÃûÊÇ×Ô¶¯µ¼Èë²¢°²×°µÄ¡£
ͼÐλ¯Ç°¶Ë
¡¡¡¡YumµÄͼÐλ¯Ç°¶ËÖ÷ÒªÓÐyumexºÍkyum¡£ËüÃDz¢²»ÊǶÀÁ¢ÓÚYumµÄ£¬¶øÊÇYumµÄͼÐÎǰ¶Ë£¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇ˵ÔÚ°²×°ºÍʹÓÃYumexºÍkyumͬʱ£¬¶¼ÊÇÒÔYumµÄ°²×°ºÍÅäÖÃΪ»ù´¡£»ËùÒÔÔÚÓÃYumex»òkyum ʱ£¬±ØÐëÏȰ²×°ÅäÖÃYum¡£
Ò».×öºÃ×¼±¸¹¤×÷.
1.°²×°FTP,Ò»°ã¶¼ÊÇͨ¹ýFTPÀ´ÏÂÔØÈí¼þ°ü.
°²×°ºÃºóÆô¶¯Ëü.
2.ÏÖÔÚ½øÐп½±´Îļþ.
°Ñ¹âÅÌÀïµÄËùÓÐÎļþ¶¼¿½±´µ½/var/ftp/pub/ÏÂÃæ.ʵ¼ÊÉÏÖ»¿½±´Server ºÍVTÁ½¸öÎļþ¹ýÈ¥¾ÍÐÐÁË,»¹¿ÉÒÔ²»ÓðÑÈ«²¿RPM°²×°Èí¼þ°ü¿½±´¹ýÈ¥,Ì«¶àÁË,Ò»¹²2.4G×óÓÒ,Èç¹ûϵͳһ¿ªÊ¼°²×°·ÖÅ䏸varµÄ¿Õ¼ä²» ......
linuxµÄechoÃüÁî, ÔÚshell±à³ÌÖм«Îª³£ÓÃ, ÔÚÖÕ¶ËÏ´òÓ¡±äÁ¿valueµÄʱºòÒ²Êdz£³£Óõ½µÄ, Òò´ËÓбØÒªÁ˽âÏÂechoµÄÓ÷¨
echoÃüÁîµÄ¹¦ÄÜÊÇÔÚÏÔʾÆ÷ÉÏÏÔʾһ¶ÎÎÄ×Ö£¬Ò»°ãÆðµ½Ò»¸öÌáʾµÄ×÷Óá£
¸ÃÃüÁîµÄÒ»°ã¸ñʽΪ£º echo [ -n ] ×Ö·û´®
ÆäÖÐÑ¡Ïîn±íʾÊä³öÎÄ×Öºó²»»»ÐУ»×Ö·û´®ÄܼÓÒýºÅ£¬Ò²Äܲ»¼ÓÒýºÅ¡£ÓÃechoÃüÁîÊä³ö¼ÓÒýºÅµÄ×Ö·û´®Ê±£¬½«×Ö·û´®ÔÑùÊä³ö£»ÓÃechoÃüÁîÊä³ö²»¼ÓÒýºÅµÄ×Ö·û´®Ê±£¬½«×Ö·û´®Öеĸ÷¸öµ¥´Ê×÷Ϊ×Ö·û´®Êä³ö£¬¸÷×Ö·û´®Ö®¼äÓÃÒ»¸ö¿Õ¸ñ·Ö¸î¡£
¹¦ÄÜ˵Ã÷£ºÏÔʾÎÄ×Ö¡£
Óï ¡¡ ·¨£ºecho [-ne][×Ö·û´®]»ò echo [--help][--version]
²¹³ä˵Ã÷£ºecho»á½«ÊäÈëµÄ×Ö·û´®ËÍÍù±ê×¼Êä³ö¡£Êä³öµÄ×Ö·û´®¼äÒÔ¿Õ°××Ö·û¸ô¿ª, ²¢ÔÚ×îºó¼ÓÉÏ»»Ðкš£
²Î¡¡¡¡ Êý£º-n ²»ÒªÔÚ×îºó×Ô¶¯»»ÐÐ
-e Èô×Ö·û´®ÖгöÏÖÒÔÏÂ×Ö·û£¬ÔòÌØ±ð¼ÓÒÔ´¦Àí£¬¶ø²»»á½«Ëüµ±³ÉÒ»°ã
ÎÄ×ÖÊä³ö£º
\a ·¢³ö¾¯¸æÉù£»
\b ɾ³ýǰһ¸ö×Ö·û£»
\c ×îºó²»¼ÓÉÏ»»ÐзûºÅ£»
\f »»Ðе«¹â±êÈÔ¾ÉÍ£ÁôÔÚÔÀ´µÄλÖã»
\n »»ÐÐÇÒ¹â±êÒÆÖÁÐÐÊ×£»
\r ¹â±êÒÆÖÁÐÐÊ×£¬µ«²»»»ÐУ»
\t ²åÈëtab£»
\v Óë\fÏàͬ£»
\\ ²åÈë\×Ö·û£»
\nnn ²åÈënnn£¨°Ë½øÖÆ£©Ëù´ú±íµÄASCII×Ö·û£»
–help ÏÔʾ°ïÖú
–version ÏÔ ......
shell ±à³ÌÖÐʹÓõ½µÃifÓï¾äÄÚÅжϲÎÊý
–b µ±file´æÔÚ²¢ÇÒÊÇ¿éÎļþʱ·µ»ØÕæ
-c µ±file´æÔÚ²¢ÇÒÊÇ×Ö·ûÎļþʱ·µ»ØÕæ
-d µ±pathname´æÔÚ²¢ÇÒÊÇÒ»¸öĿ¼ʱ·µ»ØÕæ
-e µ±pathnameÖ¸¶¨µÄÎļþ»òĿ¼´æÔÚʱ·µ»ØÕæ
-f µ±file´æÔÚ²¢ÇÒÊÇÕý¹æÎļþʱ·µ»ØÕæ
-g µ±ÓÉpathnameÖ¸¶¨µÄÎļþ»òĿ¼´æÔÚ²¢ÇÒÉèÖÃÁËSGIDλʱ·µ»ØÎªÕæ
-h µ±file´æÔÚ²¢ÇÒÊÇ·ûºÅÁ´½ÓÎļþʱ·µ»ØÕ棬¸ÃÑ¡ÏîÔÚһЩÀÏϵͳÉÏÎÞЧ
-k µ±ÓÉpathnameÖ¸¶¨µÄÎļþ»òĿ¼´æÔÚ²¢ÇÒÉèÖÃÁ˓ճÖ͔λʱ·µ»ØÕæ
-p µ±file´æÔÚ²¢ÇÒÊÇÃüÁî¹ÜµÀʱ·µ»ØÎªÕæ
-r µ±ÓÉpathnameÖ¸¶¨µÄÎļþ»òĿ¼´æÔÚ²¢ÇҿɶÁʱ·µ»ØÎªÕæ
-s µ±file´æÔÚÎļþ´óС´óÓÚ0ʱ·µ»ØÕæ
-u µ±ÓÉpathnameÖ¸¶¨µÄÎļþ»òĿ¼´æÔÚ²¢ÇÒÉèÖÃÁËSUIDλʱ·µ»ØÕæ
-w µ±ÓÉpathnameÖ¸¶¨µÄÎļþ»òĿ¼´æÔÚ²¢ÇÒ¿ÉÖ´ÐÐʱ·µ»ØÕæ¡£Ò»¸öĿ¼ΪÁËËüµÄÄÚÈݱ»·ÃÎʱØÈ»ÊÇ¿ÉÖ´Ðеġ£
-o µ±ÓÉpathnameÖ¸¶¨µÄÎļþ»òĿ¼´æÔÚ²¢ÇÒ±»×Óµ±Ç°½ø³ÌµÄÓÐЧÓû§IDËùÖ¸¶¨µÄÓû§ÓµÓÐʱ·µ»ØÕæ¡£
UNIX Shell ÀïÃæ±È½Ï×Ö·ûд·¨£º
-eq µÈÓÚ
-ne ²»µÈÓÚ
-gt ´óÓÚ
-lt СÓÚ
-le   ......